Logo
Logo

Spontaneous ferroelectric polarization

A1  ?? Write down the conditions for a local energy minimum, if energy is given by equation $(1)$. For which values of $T$ the spontaneous polarization would be possible?

A2  ?? Derive an equation for equilibrium values of spontaneous polarization, $P_0$.

A3  ?? Expression from the previous task simplifies significantly in the limit $T\to T_0$. Find the values of $P_0$ in this limit. Express your answer in terms of $\alpha$, $\beta$ and $\Delta T=T_0-T$.

B1  ?? Derive an expression for the electric susceptibility of a spontaneously polarized ferroelectric.

H1 When an external field $E$ is applied, the internal energy of ferroelectric per unit volume changes by $-EP$
H2 You don't need to solve the cubic equation — we already know that the answer must be in the form of $P_0(E)=P_0(0)+\chi E$ if we keep evaluations linear by $E$